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Wang Litian, inspector of the Sichuan Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, visited Xindu District to investigate the construction of the modern rice and vegetable agricultural park and was concerned about the operation of the Liuxiang rice fields.      

Liu Jia, member of the Party Leadership Group and Vice Chairman of the Chengdu Federation of Industry and Commerce, led a team to conduct field research in Liuxiang Rice Field

The origin of pepper Pepper originated in India and later immigrated to Southeast Asia. It was first used as a spice and was sought after by nobles for its unique fragrance. Pepper is known as "black gold" and was once used as currency. In ancient Egypt, when people were studying the mummy of Pharaoh Ramses II, they found black pepper in the nostrils of the mummy. And on the menus of ancient Greece and ancient Rome, the name "pepper" also appeared frequently. These experiences are tantamount to giving pepper a coat of "noble temperament". How is "noble" pepper made     In Europe, especially in the upper class, everyone mainly eats meat. However, the meat preservation technology in ancient times was not good, and the taste of meat that had been placed for a long time was difficult to swallow. But after the chef sprinkled the magical powder of pepper, the whole taste was different. So when the Romans tasted pepper for the first time, they fell in love with it deeply and made it gradually become an indispensable thing in the lives of all Europeans. However, since pepper is produced in tropical regions such as India and Southeast Asia, the long journey and underdeveloped transportation have caused the price of pepper in the European market to remain high, comparable to gold. Some countries can even use pepper to buy houses and land and pay rent. In 1976, when the Queen of England visited the United States, a church in New York actually gave the Queen 279 peppercorns to symbolize the repayment of the rent owed by the United States since King William III of England. According to historical records, as early as the ancient Roman period, shrewd businessmen opened up a trade route for transporting pepper through the Red Sea to the Malabar Coast of India. However, in 476 AD, after the fall of the Western Roman Empire, the communication between the East and the West was once interrupted, which almost made pepper disappear from the European table. At this time, Arab merchants acted as the "savior" of Europeans. They transported pepper from India to Egypt, and then Venetian merchants transferred it to the Mediterranean coast. However, when pepper arrived at European ports, the price was already 40 to 50 times that of the place of origin! Such huge profits made European merchants envious and jealous. With Columbus discovering America, Da Gama sailing to India, and Magellan completing his circumnavigation, India was no longer a place that Europeans could not reach, and a battle for spices such as pepper gradually began.     The origin of the name of pepper After talking about the experience of pepper abroad, let's take a look at how pepper entered China? According to legend, pepper was brought back to China by Tang Xuanzang when he returned from the Western Regions. After everything was brought back to China, it needed a Chinese name, which was also considered as following the local customs. So what name should it be called? In ancient times, the Chinese had a habit of naming things introduced from the West or the North, often giving them the surname "Hu". And because this thing has the same characteristics as pepper and Sichuan pepper, both have a pungent smell, so there is the name "pepper".

Pepper can be fried or not. Pepper tastes better after being fried with oil, but it should be consumed within a short time, especially pepper that is stained with oil. Even if it is ground into powder, it is not easy to preserve. It is best to consume it within 3 days. Pepper is not fried. Wash it, dry it, and grind it into powder. If it is not exposed to moisture and sealed, it can be stored for a long time and can be used when cooking.     Frying pepper can make the pepper taste stronger. It is very effective in removing fishy smell and enhancing flavor when used in meat dishes. The fragrance of unfried pepper is slightly lighter, which can also remove fishy smell and enhance flavor. Generally speaking, for dishes with strong fishy smell, pepper can be fried in oil to make it more flavorful and delicious. Ingredients with weak fishy smell do not need to be fried.

Nutritional value  Spicy ingredients : White pepper contains spicy ingredients, mainly piperine, which gives white pepper its unique spicy taste. Vitamin C : White pepper also contains a certain amount of vitamin C, which helps to boost immunity.  Antioxidants : White pepper contains antioxidants that can help fight free radicals and have health benefits.

Health benefits   Promotes digestion  : White pepper can stimulate gastric secretion, increase appetite, and help digestion. Pain Relief : Its spicy ingredients help relieve muscle pain and arthritis symptoms. Antibacterial Action  : White pepper has certain antibacterial properties that can help prevent infection.

How to use White pepper is widely used in cooking, as a condiment to sprinkle directly on food, and in soups, sauces, and stews. Its use method is flexible and diverse, can be used as an auxiliary seasoning of the main ingredient, but also to enhance the overall flavor of food.

History of peppercorns Product features: Hanyuan Zanthoxylum has the advantages of heavy oil, red color, rich aroma, delicious sesame and good quality.   Origin environment: Hanyuan Zanthoxylum is mainly produced in the southern foot of Mudshan Mountain, Dxiangling, Sichuan Province. It has a subtropical monsoon humid climate, warm in winter and cool in summer, four distinct seasons, cold in the highlands, hot in the valleys, less and uneven rainfall, and large vertical climate changes. The unique climate ecological environment gives rise to the unique flavor and excellent quality of Hanyuan Zanthoxylum. Historical origin: According to historical records: As early as in the sixth year of Yuan Ding (111 BC), after Emperor Wudi of Han Dynasty pingding Southwest Yi, "Yi people exchanged salt and cloth with Han people with red pepper and horses", indicating that Han Yuan pepper has more than 2,000 years of artificial cultivation history, from the Tang Dynasty Yuan and Han Yuan pepper was selected as a tribute to the royal court, to the Qing Guangxu 29 years (1903 AD), tribute lasted for more than 1,000 years. "Hanyuan County Chronicle" records: "Hanyuan pepper smell and use is also wide, the local square objects, listed as tribute... Every year, in addition to paying tribute, the officials were sent by the seal of the pouch, and those who received it were not less expensive."

When the surface of the pepper grain is dark green, the oil cell is obviously raised, and there is a strong hemp smell, it is collected after the dew is dried on a sunny morning to avoid the oil cell rupture. process Dried Sichuan pepper: selected by microwave or infrared drying. save Dried Zanthoxylum: The use of high-temperature storage (0 to 5℃) frozen storage, the storage of Zanthoxylum is relatively intact, more than a year its color, aroma, hemp taste elements are not lost. Quality characteristics 1. Appearance: the fruit is round and large, the color is oily and green, the skin cross-section thickness is ≥1 mm, the surface oil cell is large and dense, and the bulge is solid. 2. Flavor: pure and rich hemp taste, fresh and soft aroma.

1, seed selection: choose healthy growth, good quality, no pests and diseases, 6 to 10 years old pepper tree as the seed tree. The fruit can be harvested in early September when it turns from green to red, cracks appear and seeds turn black. 2. Sowing: Soak the seeds in cold water for 1 to 2 days, then soak in 2% lye water for half a day to 1 day for degreasing treatment, scrub until the seed skin is rough and tarnish, and mix with moist river sand for reserve. Autumn sowing in October to November, 50 to 60 kg (net seed) per mu. 3, planting: the plant is robust, about 60 cm high, stem thickness of 0.3 cm or more, with branches, developed and complete roots, no pests, no mechanical damage for planting. Autumn planting in October to November, spring planting before and after rain is good, in the appropriate period to choose cloudy days or before rain is appropriate, the density is 110 or 133 plants per mu, the specification is 2×3 meters and 2×2.5 meters. 4, fertilization: after the seedling is grown and pumped to the test flower results before fertilization, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium coordination, appropriate heavy nitrogen fertilizer dosage. It is applied three times a year, respectively in early mid-February, early May and mid-late July. Calcium fertilizer should be applied after the flower test results. 5, pruning and shaping: through the use of multi-main branches and truncated methods, to achieve clear hierarchy, skeleton branch arrangement reasonable, branch order distribution, ventilation and light, early bearing and high yield purposes. Pruning tree shape is commonly open heart, cup shape, tower shape and fan four kinds. 6, pest control: the use of scientific and advanced agronomic measures, biological measures and cultivation management technology, to eliminate and reduce the source of disease and insect base.

Cooking seasoning: Sichuan pepper is an indispensable condiment in Sichuan cuisine, which can be used to match various ingredients and add spicy flavor. Fried food: Green pepper can be used for fried food, such as spicy pot, fried shrimp, etc., after frying can increase the aroma and spicy taste. Pickled food: Sichuan and Chongqing areas commonly used green pepper pickled classic food are pickled pepper chicken feet, pickled pepper fish, etc., can increase the taste and texture of food. Making seasonings: Green peppercorns can also be ground into powder to make seasonings.

The first point: taste difference Black pepper: Black pepper has a very heavy spicy smell, the effect of fishy aroma is particularly good, but the spicy taste of black pepper is unstable, if cooked for a long time, the spicy taste of black pepper and so on will evaporate, so when using black pepper, be sure to put it before the pot. White pepper: Although the spicy taste of white pepper is stronger than that of black pepper, it takes a long time to cook to fully stimulate the spicy taste of white pepper, so there are some dishes that use black pepper instead of white pepper. The fragrance and spicy taste of white pepper is relatively stable, and it will not be volatile with the cooking time is too long, so the range of white pepper will be wider than black pepper. The second point: processing differences Black pepper: Black pepper is unripe green pepper particles picked, then put into boiling water for 5 minutes, and then put the pepper particles in the sun or dry, it becomes black pepper. White pepper: White pepper is fully ripe red pepper, and then the red shell of the outside of the pepper particles is removed, leaving the inside pulp, and then the pulp is dried to become the white pepper particles we often eat. Third point: use difference Black pepper taste is relatively strong, used to give a variety of meat or offal to enhance the smell has a very good effect, can be used to stew meat, pickling and barbecue, the most classic collocation is and beef, whether it is fried steak, do black pepper beef fillet, etc., add a little quite delicious, other such as pot chicken, Hu spicy soup can be added. However, the aroma of black pepper is easily volatilized by high temperature, so most of the spices are added before the pot is cooked, but some dishes with large amounts of pepper, such as Hu spicy soup, chicken and so on, need to be added in advance. The taste of our white pepper is as soft as its color, not as violent as black pepper, but white pepper has a relatively large aftereffect and a relatively layered sense. White pepper also has the effect of removing fishiness and flavor, which can be used to remove fishiness from some meat pickling before cooking. However, the most commonly used use of white pepper is still used to make soup, a little in a variety of soups or soup noodles are very good, such as mutton soup before the pot last add a little, is simply perfect, the whole white pepper can also be used with other spices to spiced meat, play its effect of different flavor.

1. Red pepper is a common cooking seasoning in cooking, and is widely used in Sichuan cuisine, Chongqing hot pot and other dishes. 2. The unique spicy flavor of peppercorns can enhance the flavor and fragrance of dishes. Its hemp flavor can add layer and texture to dishes, making them more rich in flavor. 3. Peppercorns have a strong effect of removing fish and mutton, which makes the dishes more fragrant and taste better. Especially when cooking meat, seafood and other ingredients, adding an appropriate amount of red pepper can remove odor and make dishes more delicious. 4. The numbing taste of peppercorns can also neutralize the greasy feeling of some ingredients and make dishes taste better. Especially in heavy flavor dishes such as hot pot, the use of red pepper can make the taste more balanced.

Planting millet pepper is not difficult, as long as you master a few tips, you can simply manage, harvest rich pepper fruit. 1, choose the right variety The point is to choose the right variety. Millet pepper has a variety of different varieties to choose from, according to the local climate and planting conditions to choose the most suitable variety. So, when buying seeds, carefully understand the characteristics of the variety, such as disease tolerance, yield and taste indicators. Only by selecting the right varieties can we lay a solid foundation for the subsequent planting management. There are many varieties of millet pepper, and you can choose the most suitable variety according to the local climate environment and personal taste. For example, if your area has high humidity, choose a variety that is resistant to humidity; If you like a heavy pepper, you can choose a thicker variety. Choosing the right variety can maximize the potential of millet pepper and increase yield and quality. 2, provide a good growing environment It is also important to provide a good growing environment for the millet pepper. Millet peppers like plenty of sunlight and good ventilation. Therefore, when choosing a planting location, choose a sunny place and ensure that the soil is well drained to avoid water causing the pepper root to rot. Before planting, an appropriate amount of organic fertilizer can be applied to improve the fertility of the soil and provide sufficient nutrition for the pepper root. 3, reasonable management of water and temperature Millet pepper has a higher demand for water, but it can not be over-watered, otherwise it is easy to lead to pepper root rot. Keeping the soil moist but not stagnant is key by watering it regularly and keeping an eye on the leaves of the plant, adding more water if it is wilting. In addition, temperature is also crucial to the growth and development of pepper fruits. Generally speaking, the suitable growth temperature range of millet pepper is between 15 ° C and 30 ° C, and too high or too low temperature will affect the quality and yield of pepper fruit.

Planting millet pepper is not difficult, as long as you master a few tips, you can simply manage, harvest rich pepper fruit. 1, choose the right variety The point is to choose the right variety. Millet pepper has a variety of different varieties to choose from, according to the local climate and planting conditions to choose the most suitable variety. So, when buying seeds, carefully understand the characteristics of the variety, such as disease tolerance, yield and taste indicators. Only by selecting the right varieties can we lay a solid foundation for the subsequent planting management. There are many varieties of millet pepper, and you can choose the most suitable variety according to the local climate environment and personal taste. For example, if your area has high humidity, choose a variety that is resistant to humidity; If you like a heavy pepper, you can choose a thicker variety. Choosing the right variety can maximize the potential of millet pepper and increase yield and quality. 2, provide a good growing environment It is also important to provide a good growing environment for the millet pepper. Millet peppers like plenty of sunlight and good ventilation. Therefore, when choosing a planting location, choose a sunny place and ensure that the soil is well drained to avoid water causing the pepper root to rot. Before planting, an appropriate amount of organic fertilizer can be applied to improve the fertility of the soil and provide sufficient nutrition for the pepper root. 3, reasonable management of water and temperature Millet pepper has a higher demand for water, but it can not be over-watered, otherwise it is easy to lead to pepper root rot. Keeping the soil moist but not stagnant is key by watering it regularly and keeping an eye on the leaves of the plant, adding more water if it is wilting. In addition, temperature is also crucial to the growth and development of pepper fruits. Generally speaking, the suitable growth temperature range of millet pepper is between 15 ° C and 30 ° C, and too high or too low temperature will affect the quality and yield of pepper fruit. All in all, growing millet pepper requires patience, care and a certain amount of management skills. By choosing the right variety, providing a good growing environment, managing water and temperature properly, supporting the plant, controlling pests and diseases, and picking the fruit at the right time, you will be able to enjoy the joy of harvest and taste the delicious taste of fresh home-grown peppers.

Scientific fertilization, timely watering During the growth period, scientific fertilization and watering should be carried out according to the growth needs of millet pepper. Generally speaking, nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer are applied in the early growth stage to promote root development and plant growth; In flowering and fruiting stage, the application amount of potassium fertilizer should be increased to improve fruit quality and yield. Also, keep the soil moist and avoid over-watering or stagnant water. Pest control Millet pepper is vulnerable to pests and diseases during the growth period, such as virus disease, blight, aphids and so on. Regular inspection and control should be carried out, and a combination of biological control and chemical control measures should be taken to ensure the healthy growth of millet pepper. Timely harvesting and storage When the fruit of millet pepper is full and bright in color, it should be harvested in time. Store properly after harvesting to avoid moisture, sun exposure or contamination. The storage environment should be ventilated and dry to avoid squeezing and stacking.

Sichuan Liuhang agricultural millet pepper, is a bright pearl among Chinese pepper varieties, it is not only famous for its spicy taste, but also carries profound cultural heritage and historical inheritance. In ancient China, millet pepper was widely used in cooking. Not only does it add color and flavor to dishes, it is also believed to have the effect of warming the body. With the passage of time, millet pepper gradually spread to other countries and became a kind of spicy food around the world. It is usually conical in shape and resembles small rice grains in appearance, hence the name "millet pepper". The height of the plant is generally between 60 cm and 90 cm, which is suitable for growing in warm climates, and the hot weather in summer helps to improve the spiciness of the pepper. The spicy degree of millet pepper is moderate, spicy rich and not irritating, so it is very popular. Its spiciness is comparable to that of a normal chilli, usually reaching between 1,000 and 2,000 in the chilli Heat Unit (SHU), making it ideal for cooking. Millet pepper has a wide range of uses in cooking in China and around the world. Here are the main uses of millet pepper: Cooking condiments: Millet pepper is often used to flavor a variety of dishes, adding spicy flavor to food. It can be freshly chopped, dried or made into a hot sauce to suit different cooking needs. Make hot sauce: Millet pepper is one of the ideal ingredients for making hot sauce. Hot sauce is very popular in China and other Asian countries, and the use of millet pepper makes it an important ingredient in the production of authentic hot sauce. Variety of ways to eat: Millet pepper can be eaten raw, fried, pickled or dried, so it has a place in different types of dishes and foods.

Millet pepper planting technology - fine preparation of the ground to apply sufficient base fertilizer, timely sowing reasonable dense planting Millet pepper is a characteristic agricultural product mainly sold by Sichuan Liuhang Agriculture. Its hot taste and unique shape make it popular in the catering industry. However, it is not an easy task to successfully grow millet pepper in your own garden or field. Below, we will introduce the planting methods and techniques of millet pepper to help you achieve harvest. Choose the right soil and variety The soil in which the pepper is grown should have good permeability and drainage to avoid root rot caused by stagnant water. In addition, appropriate varieties should be selected according to local climatic conditions and market demand. Carefully prepare the ground and apply sufficient base fertilizer Before planting, the soil should be thoroughly turned and carefully prepared to remove weeds and stones. At the same time, it is necessary to apply sufficient base fertilizer, mainly organic fertilizer, with appropriate amount of fertilizer, to provide sufficient nutrients for the growth of millet pepper. Timely sowing, reasonable dense planting Seeds should be sown in spring or autumn, and the seeds should be treated appropriately before sowing, such as soaking and budding. Keep the soil moist after sowing until seedlings emerge. Reasonable dense planting can improve the yield and quality, and the planting density should be determined according to the variety characteristics and soil fertility. Scientific fertilization, timely watering During the growth period, scientific fertilization and watering should be carried out according to the growth needs of millet pepper. Generally speaking, nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer are applied in the early growth stage to promote root development and plant growth; In flowering and fruiting stage, the application amount of potassium fertilizer should be increased to improve fruit quality and yield. Also, keep the soil moist and avoid over-watering or stagnant water.

There is a word difference between black pepper and white pepper, but the purpose is completely different, and you will understand after reading. Life is full of knowledge, in the daily diet is also the same, today's living conditions are getting better and better, eating is not limited to vegetables and radishes, but more focused on nutrition and health. Steak, pork chops, sushi and other kinds of food have become the food we often meet in our daily life, especially when there are children at home, parents often let their children eat more beef to supplement nutrition. Children love to eat steak, and when preparing steak, many people often have a dilemma: Should I use white pepper or black pepper? What's the difference between the two? First, the maturity is different. Now what we call black pepper and white pepper are actually fruits from the same tree, the fruit of the pepper tree, black pepper is made from the immature fruit, and white pepper is made from the ripe fruit. When unripe pepper is picked and dried, it turns into black peppercorns; When the fruit is fully ripe, it is picked and dried to produce white peppercorns, hence the name black pepper and white pepper. Second, the usage is different. Friends who like to eat steak know that often when making steak, the restaurant chef will put black pepper into it, black pepper smell rich, and taste a light spicy taste, it is this spicy taste has become the seasoning that must be put in the steak. A steak without black pepper is soulless. Although the taste of black pepper is more spicy, but the fragrance is not durable enough, can not be cooked for a long time, otherwise the fragrance will be distributed, generally when the dish is soon out of the pot to add black pepper, just like white vinegar, the taste will be weak after too long in the pot. Black pepper is usually added after the stew is out of the pot, or when using the teppanyaki to put in the pot, so that the dish is more fragrant and taste better. White pepper is a fully mature pepper, the spicy taste is a little less, but the fragrance is more durable, more suitable for cooking, stewing and other cooking methods. For example, people often eat mutton soup, beef soup, chicken soup often will add white pepper to boil, so that the soup flavor is more intense, eat more delicious. To sum up the difference between the two uses is actually a sentence: "Start the pot of white pepper, start the pot of black pepper"!

The process of planting, picking, soaking, cleaning, drying, preservation and use of pepper is as follows: I. Planting Pepper cultivation requires a warm, moist environment with well-drained soil that is rich in organic matter. Hainan pepper planting base in Liuhang agriculture, because of its unique tropical climate and fertile soil, is very suitable for pepper growth. Two, picking The harvest of Hainan pepper is generally carried out from June to August every year. The pepper fruit of this period is ripe, bright in color and rich in flavor. When picking, you should choose clear weather and avoid doing it in rainy days to prevent the fruit from getting damp. Three, soaking The harvested pepper fruit is placed in a sack and then soaked in water. This process is called "skin washing". By "washing the skin", the skin and some impurities of the fruit can be removed. It is usually soaked for 10 days until the skin expands and can be removed with a gentle pinch. 4. Cleaning After "washing" the pepper fruit is removed and then washed. This is to further remove impurities and residues from the surface of the fruit. Generally using running water for cleaning, Five, drying The cleaned pepper fruit is dried in a cool and ventilated place. Drying time is closely related to temperature. If the temperature is too high, it may cause the pepper fruit to lose its characteristic flavor. Generally, the drying time is 3-5 days until the fruit is completely dry. 6. Preservation The dried pepper fruit can be stored in an airtight container in a cool, dry place. In order to maintain its original flavor and color, it is recommended to use in a short time. Vii. Use Pepper is widely used in cooking. It can be used to enhance the aroma of dishes and increase the taste of food. Pepper can be used in soups, stir-fries or pickled foods. At the same time, it is also an important raw material for making condiments such as pepper salt and pepper oil. During the cooking process, the amount of pepper can be added in moderation according to personal taste. Generally speaking, if it is used to enhance the flavor of dishes, it can be added during the cooking process; If used to make condiments, it can be added proportionally during the making process. Above is the whole process of floating agricultural pepper from planting to use. This process requires patience and delicate manipulation to ensure the quality and taste of the pepper.